Public opinion research in Slovakia – Research No. 19 (March 1950) Výskum verejnej mienky na Slovensku – Výskum č. 19 (Marec 1950) SASD 1950003 Michal Malatinec

Slovak National Archives

Michal Malatinec SASD 2026 2026-09-17 Nesstar Publisher Slovak Archive of Social Data Public opinion research in Slovakia – Research No. 19 (March 1950) Výskum verejnej mienky na Slovensku – Výskum č. 19 (Marec 1950) SASD 1950003 Public Opinion Research Institute in Bratislava Public Opinion Research Institute in Bratislava Nesstar Publisher APVV APVV-22-0063 (https://sociologia.sav.sk/vyskumne_projekty.php?id=3304 ) Slovak Archive of Social Data 1 Ústav pre výskum verejnej mienky v Bratislave. (2026). Výskum verejnej mienky na Slovensku – Výskum č. 19 (Marec 1950) (Version 1) [Dataset]. Slovenský archív sociálnych dát (SASD), Sociologický ústav SAV. https://doi.org/10.34877/SASD_1950003 satisfaction with goods farmers selling surplus produce after quotas selling through official procurement remuneration by hours vs. performance household expenditure rationed market free market POLITICS ECONOMICS SOCIETY AND CULTURE The research is the 19th conducted by the Institute for Public Opinion Research in Bratislava, which was the workplace of the Office of Information (Povereníctvo informácií) from 1947 to 1950. The research was carried out on 23 March 1950 and covers the following topics: satisfaction with goods, farmers' ability to sell surplus produce after fulfilling delivery quotas, selling through official procurement, remuneration of workers by hours worked versus performance, and household spending on various expense categories. SASD provides a reconstruction of the research results, based on the final report prepared for government authorities. Neither the data nor the original questionnaire are available; SASD offers a reconstruction of the questions used in the questionnaire, and the basic results from the research are accessible online in an Excel file. The research was carried out using a purposive (non-random) sample designed to reflect, as closely as possible, the estimated structure of the population of Slovak society at the time. Since this was the post-war period and the last full population census had been carried out in 1930, with the next one not until 1951, quota sampling in the strict sense could not be used. The characteristics of the sample nonetheless suggest that, on several attributes, it corresponds to the structure of Slovak society at the time of the nearest census in 1951. This sample also records respondents' political affiliation (KSS members, SNO members, SS members, unaffiliated). 1950-02-23 1950-03-23 Slovakia Individual Population of Slovakia aged 18 and over Purposive (non-random) sampling, attempting to capture the diversity of the Slovak population in terms of sex, occupation, age, nationality, religious denomination, and political affiliation. Face-to-face interview Purposive (non-random) sampling, attempting to capture the diversity of the Slovak population in terms of sex, occupation, age, nationality, religious denomination, and political affiliation. The research was carried out through personal interviews conducted by approximately 200 external interviewers of the Institute, who mostly worked as educational and cultural workers in Slovakia. Interviewers were trained in the research method in writing and through informational brochures. Interviewers received questionnaires by post, together with instructions on which respondents to seek out in their area. Completed questionnaires were sent back by the interviewers by post. Face-to-face interview Structured questionnaire with both closed and open-ended questions. Slovak Archive of Social Data (SASD) The data are freely available for scientific and research purposes with attribution to the source. When using this data, please cite the source using the bibliographic citation provided. The data and questionnaire have not survived in their original form. SASD provides a reconstruction based on the final report. Under the access classification, this is a category B file – available online subject to specific conditions set by the author or rights holder of the research. SASD is not responsible for any inaccuracies arising from the reconstruction of missing parts of the original document. SASD - data catalogue Public Opinion Research No. 18 (SASD 1950002) Public Opinion Research No. 17 (SASD 1950001) Tížik, M., 2022 – Zrod výskumu verejnej mienky na Slovensku: inštitucionálne a politické súvislosti. TÍŽIK, Miroslav. Výskum verejnej mienky na Slovensku - počiatky, križovatky a inštitucionálne etablovanie. Recenzovali: Jakub Rákosník, Jiří Šubrt. In Vývoj empirického sociologického výzkumu na území Československa. 1. vyd. - Praha : Karolinum, 2023, 222-285. ISBN 978-80-246-5422-5. ŠRÁMEK, Ľ., 2000: Výskum verejnej mienky – politika – média. Bratislava: Mediálne informačné centrum. BARNOVSKÝ, M., 2004: Slovenská spoločnosť v zrkadle výskumov verejnej mienky 1948 – 1949. Historický časopis 52(3): 469-502. sasd_1950003_data_en 1258 27 NSDstat Dataset 1 (English variable and value labels). QUESTION 1/A-a: SATISFACTION WITH GOODS QUALITY ON THE RATIONED MARKET – TEXTILES Question . "Are you satisfied with the quality of the goods on offer, specifically: A/ on the rationed market: a/ with textiles:" (1 – Satisfied; 2 – Partially satisfied; 3 – No; 4 – Don't know) Base for percentage calculation: total number of respondents. 0 0 QUESTION 1/A-b: SATISFACTION WITH GOODS QUALITY ON THE RATIONED MARKET – FOOTWEAR Question . "Are you satisfied with the quality of the goods on offer, specifically: A/ on the rationed market: b/ with footwear:" (1 – Satisfied; 2 – Partially satisfied; 3 – No; 4 – Don't know) Base for percentage calculation: total number of respondents. 0 0 QUESTION 1/A-c: SATISFACTION WITH GOODS QUALITY ON THE RATIONED MARKET – FOODSTUFFS Question . "Are you satisfied with the quality of the goods on offer, specifically: A/ on the rationed market: c/ with foodstuffs:" (1 – Satisfied; 2 – Partially satisfied; 3 – No; 4 – Don't know) Base for percentage calculation: total number of respondents. 0 0 QUESTION 1/A-d: SATISFACTION WITH GOODS QUALITY ON THE RATIONED MARKET – OTHER GOODS Question . "Are you satisfied with the quality of the goods on offer, specifically: A/ on the rationed market: d/ with other everyday consumer goods:" (1 – Satisfied; 2 – Partially satisfied; 3 – No; 4 – Don't know) Base for percentage calculation: total number of respondents. 0 0 QUESTION 1/B-a: SATISFACTION WITH GOODS QUALITY ON THE FREE MARKET – TEXTILES Question 1/B-a. "on the free market: a/ with textiles:" (1 – Satisfied; 2 – Partially satisfied; 3 – No; 4 – Don't know) Base for percentage calculation: total number of respondents. 0 0 QUESTION 1/B-b: SATISFACTION WITH GOODS QUALITY ON THE FREE MARKET – FOOTWEAR Question 1/B-b. "on the free market: b/ with footwear:" (1 – Satisfied; 2 – Partially satisfied; 3 – No; 4 – Don't know) Base for percentage calculation: total number of respondents. 0 0 QUESTION 1/B-c: SATISFACTION WITH GOODS QUALITY ON THE FREE MARKET – FOODSTUFFS Question 1/B-c. "on the free market: c/ with foodstuffs:" (1 – Satisfied; 2 – Partially satisfied; 3 – No; 4 – Don't know) Base for percentage calculation: total number of respondents. 0 0 The "Men" row (first two values) and the "Clerical staff"/"Service staff" rows (first value) had partially illegible/obscured values in the original; verified by summing to 100%. QUESTION 1/B-d: SATISFACTION WITH GOODS QUALITY ON THE FREE MARKET – OTHER GOODS Question 1/B-d. "on the free market: d/ with other everyday consumer goods:" (1 – Satisfied; 2 – Partially satisfied; 3 – No; 4 – Don't know) Base for percentage calculation: total number of respondents. 0 0 QUESTION 2/A: GOODS WITH WHICH RESPONDENTS WERE MOST SATISFIED Question 2/a. "With which goods have you been most satisfied recently?" (1 – Foodstuffs; 2 – Footwear; 3 – Textiles; 4 – On the free market; 5 – Ready-made clothing; 6 – Other; 7 – Nothing; 8 – Don't know; 9 – No answer) Base for percentage calculation: total number of respondents. 0 0 QUESTION 2/A: GOODS WITH WHICH RESPONDENTS WERE MOST SATISFIED – OPEN-ENDED RESPONSES ("OTHER" CATEGORY) Question 2/a – supplementary list. Free-form responses from respondents coded under 6 ("Other"). Open-ended question – responses recorded as free-form verbatim statements. 0 0 See the full transcription in the Excel file, sheet "Otázka 2-a". QUESTION 2/B: GOODS WITH WHICH RESPONDENTS WERE LEAST SATISFIED Question 2/b. "With which goods have you been least satisfied recently?" (1 – Textiles; 2 – Footwear; 3 – Foodstuffs; 4 – Ready-made clothing; 5 – Goods on the rationed market; 6 – Other; 7 – Don't know; 8 – No answer) Base for percentage calculation: total number of respondents. 0 0 QUESTION 2/B: GOODS WITH WHICH RESPONDENTS WERE LEAST SATISFIED – OPEN-ENDED RESPONSES ("OTHER" CATEGORY) Question 2/b – supplementary list. Free-form responses from respondents coded under 6 ("Other"). Open-ended question – responses recorded as free-form verbatim statements. 0 0 See the full transcription in the Excel file, sheet "Otázka 2-b". QUESTION 3: FREE SALE OF PRODUCE AFTER FULFILLING DELIVERY QUOTAS Question 3. "Do you consider it correct that farmers, after fulfilling their delivery quotas (contingents), may freely sell their produce?" (1 – Correct; 2 – No; 3 – Don't know) Base for percentage calculation: total number of respondents. 0 0 QUESTION 4: PREFERENCE FOR OFFICIAL PROCUREMENT OF FARM PRODUCE Question 4. "Do you think it would be better if farmers sold all their produce for consumption through official procurement, or not?" (1 – Yes; 2 – No; 3 – Don't know) Base for percentage calculation: total number of respondents. 0 0 The "Other self-employed" row sums to exactly 100% in the original (30.9 + 31.6 + 37.5); an earlier transcription contained a scan-reading error, corrected after user review. QUESTION 4/A: REASONS FOR SUPPORTING OFFICIAL PROCUREMENT Question 4/A. (Those who answered "Yes" in Question 4.) "If yes, why?" (1 – Everything would be cheaper at the official price; 2 – It would eliminate profiteering; 3 – Other; 4 – Don't know) Base for percentage calculation: total number of respondents. 0 0 QUESTION 4/A: REASONS FOR SUPPORTING OFFICIAL PROCUREMENT – OPEN-ENDED RESPONSES ("OTHER" CATEGORY) Question 4/A – supplementary list. Free-form responses from respondents coded under 3 ("Other"). Open-ended question – responses recorded as free-form verbatim statements. 0 0 See the full transcription in the Excel file, sheet "Otázka 4-A". QUESTION 4/B: REASONS FOR OPPOSING OFFICIAL PROCUREMENT Question 4/B. (Those who answered "No" in Question 4.) "If not, why?" (1 – Because of low prices; 2 – Goods are obtained from the farmer more promptly and are better; 3 – They would lose motivation to work; 4 – It is their extra effort, they have no other income; 5 – Other; 6 – Don't know) Base for percentage calculation: total number of respondents. Note: in the original, the list of open-ended responses is labelled "Under number 6. Other", although per the legend code 5 = Other and code 6 = Don't know; the numbering is reproduced exactly as printed in the original. 0 0 QUESTION 4/B: REASONS FOR OPPOSING OFFICIAL PROCUREMENT – OPEN-ENDED RESPONSES ("OTHER" CATEGORY) Question 4/B – supplementary list. Free-form responses from respondents coded under 5 ("Other"). Open-ended question – responses recorded as free-form verbatim statements. 0 0 See the full transcription in the Excel file, sheet "Otázka 4-B". QUESTION 5: REMUNERATION BY HOURS VS. BY PERFORMANCE Question 5. "Do you consider it correct for workers to be paid according to hours worked, or according to piece-rate performance (akord)?" (1 – By hours; 2 – By performance; 3 – Don't know) Base for percentage calculation: total number of respondents. 0 0 QUESTION 6/1: SHARE OF INCOME SPENT ON HOUSING Question 6/1. Part of Question 6: "State approximately, in percent, how much you spend from your household's total income on the items listed below" – item 1/ housing. The variable represents the percentage share of household income spent on this category, as stated by the respondent (0–100%, or possibly "nothing" or "no answer"). For the detailed breakdown of answers into percentage brackets, see the Excel file, sheet "Otázka 6-1"; the weighted average across all categories is on sheet "Otázka 6". 0 0 QUESTION 6/2: SHARE OF INCOME SPENT ON FOOD Question 6/2. Part of Question 6: "State approximately, in percent, how much you spend from your household's total income on the items listed below" – item 2/ food. The variable represents the percentage share of household income spent on this category, as stated by the respondent (0–100%, or possibly "nothing" or "no answer"). For the detailed breakdown of answers into percentage brackets, see the Excel file, sheet "Otázka 6-2"; the weighted average across all categories is on sheet "Otázka 6". 0 0 QUESTION 6/3: SHARE OF INCOME SPENT ON CLOTHING Question 6/3. Part of Question 6: "State approximately, in percent, how much you spend from your household's total income on the items listed below" – item 3/ clothing. The variable represents the percentage share of household income spent on this category, as stated by the respondent (0–100%, or possibly "nothing" or "no answer"). For the detailed breakdown of answers into percentage brackets, see the Excel file, sheet "Otázka 6-3"; the weighted average across all categories is on sheet "Otázka 6". 0 0 QUESTION 6/4: SHARE OF INCOME SPENT ON BEVERAGES Question 6/4. Part of Question 6: "State approximately, in percent, how much you spend from your household's total income on the items listed below" – item 4/ beverages. The variable represents the percentage share of household income spent on this category, as stated by the respondent (0–100%, or possibly "nothing" or "no answer"). For the detailed breakdown of answers into percentage brackets, see the Excel file, sheet "Otázka 6-4"; the weighted average across all categories is on sheet "Otázka 6". 0 0 QUESTION 6/5: SHARE OF INCOME SPENT ON SMOKING Question 6/5. Part of Question 6: "State approximately, in percent, how much you spend from your household's total income on the items listed below" – item 5/ smoking. The variable represents the percentage share of household income spent on this category, as stated by the respondent (0–100%, or possibly "nothing" or "no answer"). For the detailed breakdown of answers into percentage brackets, see the Excel file, sheet "Otázka 6-5"; the weighted average across all categories is on sheet "Otázka 6". 0 0 QUESTION 6/6: SHARE OF INCOME SPENT ON CULTURAL NEEDS Question 6/6. Part of Question 6: "State approximately, in percent, how much you spend from your household's total income on the items listed below" – item 6/ cultural needs. The variable represents the percentage share of household income spent on this category, as stated by the respondent (0–100%, or possibly "nothing" or "no answer"). For the detailed breakdown of answers into percentage brackets, see the Excel file, sheet "Otázka 6-6"; the weighted average across all categories is on sheet "Otázka 6". 0 0 QUESTION 6/7: SHARE OF INCOME SPENT ON SAVINGS Question 6/7. Part of Question 6: "State approximately, in percent, how much you spend from your household's total income on the items listed below" – item 7/ savings. The variable represents the percentage share of household income spent on this category, as stated by the respondent (0–100%, or possibly "nothing" or "no answer"). For the detailed breakdown of answers into percentage brackets, see the Excel file, sheet "Otázka 6-7"; the weighted average across all categories is on sheet "Otázka 6". 0 0 QUESTION 6/8: SHARE OF INCOME SPENT ON OTHER Question 6/8. Part of Question 6: "State approximately, in percent, how much you spend from your household's total income on the items listed below" – item 8/ other. The variable represents the percentage share of household income spent on this category, as stated by the respondent (0–100%, or possibly "nothing" or "no answer"). For the detailed breakdown of answers into percentage brackets, see the Excel file, sheet "Otázka 6-8"; the weighted average across all categories is on sheet "Otázka 6". 0 0 revised questionnaire